Image formats like JPEG 2000, JPEG XR, and WebP often provide better compression than PNG or JPEG, which means faster downloads and less data consumption

Large JavaScript libraries can lead to poor performance. Prefer smaller, functionally equivalent libraries to reduce your bundle size

First CPU Idle marks the first time at which the page's main thread is quiet enough to handle input. [Learn more](https://web.dev/first-cpu-idle/).

First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted

The Critical Request Chains below show you what resources are loaded with a high priority. Consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load

All sites should be protected with HTTPS, even ones that don't handle sensitive data. This includes avoiding [mixed content](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/security/prevent-mixed-content/what-is-mixed-content), where some resources are loaded over HTTP despite the initial request being servedover HTTPS. HTTPS prevents intruders from tampering with or passively listening in on the communications between your app and your users, and is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs

If your robots.txt file is malformed, crawlers may not be able to understand how you want your website to be crawled or indexed

To set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources, add a budget.json file

This is the largest contentful element painted within the viewport

Resources are blocking the first paint of your page. Consider delivering critical JS/CSS inline and deferring all non-critical JS/styles

Keep the server response time for the main document short because all other requests depend on it

Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling, and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this

Network round trip times (RTT) have a large impact on performance. If the RTT to an origin is high, it's an indication that servers closer to the user could improve performance

Estimated Input Latency is an estimate of how long your app takes to respond to user input, in milliseconds, during the busiest 5s window of page load. If your latency is higher than 50 ms, users may perceive your app as laggy

Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading

First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible

These DOM elements contribute most to the CLS of the page.

Large network payloads cost users real money and are highly correlated with long load times

Remove dead rules from stylesheets and defer the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity

A large DOM will increase memory usage, cause longer [style calculations](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/rendering/reduce-the-scope-and-complexity-of-style-calculations), and produce costly [layout reflows](https://developers.google.com/speed/articles/reflow)

Consider using `<link rel=preload>` to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load

Server latencies can impact web performance. If the server latency of an origin is high, it's an indication the server is overloaded or has poor backend performance

Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated

Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds

Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this

Serve images that are appropriately-sized to save cellular data and improve load time

Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page

The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task

Cumulative Layout Shift measures the movement of visible elements within the viewport

Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted

Image formats like JPEG 2000, JPEG XR, and WebP often provide better compression than PNG or JPEG, which means faster downloads and less data consumption

First CPU Idle marks the first time at which the page's main thread is quiet enough to handle input. [Learn more](https://web.dev/first-cpu-idle/).

Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this

Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted

Keep the server response time for the main document short because all other requests depend on it

Cumulative Layout Shift measures the movement of visible elements within the viewport

The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task

Remove dead rules from stylesheets and defer the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity

This is the largest contentful element painted within the viewport

Interactive elements like buttons and links should be large enough (48x48px), and have enough space around them, to be easy enough to tap without overlapping onto other elements

Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive

The Critical Request Chains below show you what resources are loaded with a high priority. Consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load

Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds

First Contentful Paint 3G marks the time at which the first text or image is painted while on a 3G network

All sites should be protected with HTTPS, even ones that don't handle sensitive data. This includes avoiding [mixed content](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/security/prevent-mixed-content/what-is-mixed-content), where some resources are loaded over HTTP despite the initial request being servedover HTTPS. HTTPS prevents intruders from tampering with or passively listening in on the communications between your app and your users, and is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs

First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted

Resources are blocking the first paint of your page. Consider delivering critical JS/CSS inline and deferring all non-critical JS/styles

Large JavaScript libraries can lead to poor performance. Prefer smaller, functionally equivalent libraries to reduce your bundle size

Large network payloads cost users real money and are highly correlated with long load times

Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading

Font sizes less than 12px are too small to be legible and require mobile visitors to “pinch to zoom” in order to read. Strive to have >60% of page text ≥12px

These DOM elements contribute most to the CLS of the page.

A large DOM will increase memory usage, cause longer [style calculations](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/rendering/reduce-the-scope-and-complexity-of-style-calculations), and produce costly [layout reflows](https://developers.google.com/speed/articles/reflow)

If your robots.txt file is malformed, crawlers may not be able to understand how you want your website to be crawled or indexed

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page

Network round trip times (RTT) have a large impact on performance. If the RTT to an origin is high, it's an indication that servers closer to the user could improve performance

Server latencies can impact web performance. If the server latency of an origin is high, it's an indication the server is overloaded or has poor backend performance

Consider using `<link rel=preload>` to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load

Estimated Input Latency is an estimate of how long your app takes to respond to user input, in milliseconds, during the busiest 5s window of page load. If your latency is higher than 50 ms, users may perceive your app as laggy

Serve images that are appropriately-sized to save cellular data and improve load time

To set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources, add a budget.json file

First Meaningful Paint measures when the primary content of a page is visible

Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling, and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this

Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated